Structural maintenance of civil aviation aircraft is currently based on. A system that enables automatic detection, diagnosis, prognosis and mitigation of adverse events arising from component failures, is conceptualized in an integrated vehicle health management. A contribution to the intelligent aircraft structure, authorholger speckmann. Wireless sensors to measure intorque data, flight messengers to monitor maintenance needs, and aviation analytics are evolving technologies in the ahm market. Dec 19, 2003 he was jointly awarded the 2004 person of the year title by structural health monitoring journal for outstanding contribution in the field of shm. Monitoring aircraft structural health using optical fiber. Aircraft structures require periodic and scheduled inspection and maintenance operations due to their special operating conditions and the principles of design employed to develop them. Optical fiber sensors for aircraft structural health. Comparative vacuum monitoring as applied during a fullscale fatigue test on an f16.
Operational costs and need of preventive and corrective maintenance. Boller is the editor of health monitoring of aerospace structures. Structural health monitoring, aircraft, wind turbines, pipes, acoustic emission, saft 1. This is, in fact, the consequence of the diversity of both structuresm aterials to monitor and ty pes of damage t o.
The paper will then move to introducing structural health monitoring, its benefits, and how it can be applied to airplane structures. Structural health m onitoring schem es for aerospace structures. Structural health is directly related to structural performance and in this respect it is a governing parameter with regard to safety of operation. Structural health monitoring of aircraft structure by method.
Bayesian methods for aircraft structural health monitoring. Structural health monitoring on fixed wing aircraft published sept 20 probability of detection area of concern reliability workshop april 2015 to determine path forward developed 2 pod methodologies for shm arp being developed for pod planning a second workshop in 2019 develop the test program for validation of the. Aircraft structural health monitoring using mss technology author. This paper provides an overview of the structural health monitoring activities at fraunhofer izfp dresden, and discusses future concepts.
Sep 29, 2014 nine commercial aircraft flying regular routes are on the frontier of aviation safety, carrying sensors that monitor their structural health along with their routine maintenance. Impact is identified by onboard pzt and fbg ultrasonic shm sensors. Structural health monitoring shm is receiving considerable attention because of the growing demand for innovative approaches to preventing damage in larger infrastructures. Structural health monitoring of aircraft structures springerlink. Structural health monitoring shm relies on sensors that can be permanently placed on the structure and monitored over time either in a passive or in an active way. Rajua,b,c quest global aquest global engineering, ground floor, building5 b, sez pritech ii, bangalore, karnataka 560 103, india bdepartment of aeronautical engineering, new horizon college of engineering, bangalore, karnataka 560 103, india. Ultrasonic guided waves have the important property that they remain confined inside the walls of a thinwall structure flat or curved.
In structural health monitoring shm of aircraft structure that basis on ultrasound non destructive inspection the concept of electromechanical impedance emi. Structural health monitoring of a bonded composite patch. Here damage is defined as changes to the material andor geometric properties of a structural system, including changes to the boundary conditions and system connectivity, which adversely affect. Aircraft health monitoring system as a concept stems from challenges to enhance flight safety and at the same time to reduce operational and maintenance costs. Application of structural health monitoring over a. Current ultrasonic sensing systems based on lamb waves are mostly experimental see 25 for a very good overview of this topic, and one of our goals is to develop robust methods for structural health monitoring which can then. Structural maintenance of civil aviation aircraft is currently based on scheduled maintenance, where the maintenance interval is determined. The embedded ultrasonic technology provides active structural health monitoring, i. Traditionally, offline diagnostic models based on a statistical analysis of material degradation, operating. Presented at the international workshop on structural health monitring, held stanford university usa, september 18 to 20, 1997. The major functionalities incorporated into imds are health monitoring, usage monitoring, and the maintainer interface figure 3. Lamb waves have received much attention in the nondestructive evaluation nde and structural health monitoring. The major objectives for the project as applied to aircraft structural health monitoring are to develop. Ndi principles coupled with insitu sensing to allow for rapid, remote, and realtime condition.
Aircraft structural health monitoring using mss technology. Structural health monitoring can include applications on very different structures with very different requirements. Due to the characteristics of space structures, the requirements for structural health monitoring can be quite different from those of aircraft structures. Fielding a structural health monitoring system on legacy. Structural healthmonitoring of composites for aircraft structures. Advances in structural health management and composite structures in jeonju, south korea, august 2729, 2014. Structural health monitoring in commercial aviation. Application of structural health monitoring over a critical. Ultrasonic lamb wave tomography in structural health. A contribution to the intelligent aircraft structure holger speckmann, henrik roesner, airbus, bremen, germany abstract.
A structural health monitoring shm system that can evaluate the health of the airframe. Aircraft structural health monitoring, prospects for smart solutions from a european viewpoint. The monitoring and subsequent management of structural health plays an essential role in system health management applications for space transportation vehicles. The dedicated solutions for shm presented in this study include th e following. Purchase structural health monitoring shm in aerospace structures 1st edition. Structural healthmonitoring of composites for aircraft. The goal would be to make nondestructive testing technology an integral part of the aircraft structure itself embedded structural health monitoring eshm. Shm of airframes for the identification and characterization of structural degradation presents unique challenges. In case of damage, the system directly identifies the location and suggests the actions that can be taken. Fielding a structural health monitoring system on legacy military aircraft a business perspective example of a structural health monitoring system.
The uses of structural health monitoring shm technologies for future aircraft will not only enable new possibilities for maintenance concepts, but will have a big in fluence on design concepts and assembling technologies. Statistical time series methods for vibration based structural health monitoring. Shm is a new and alternative way of nondestructiveinspection ndi in order to ensure the structural integrity of aircraft structures. Structural health monitoring techniques for aircraft. Government agencies and private companies spend billions of dollars. Costeffectiveness of structural health monitoring in. Military aircraft structural airworthiness advisory group. Wu abstract structural health monitoring shm technology is a revolutionary method of determining the integrity of aircraft structures, and is increasingly being evaluated by. Structural health monitoring an overview sciencedirect. Structural health monitoring of a bonded composite patch repair on a fatiguecracked f111c wing executive summary in 1994 a large 48 mm fatigue crack was discovered in the wing skin a155 of an australian defence force f111c aircraft, following the investigation of a fuel leak. Implementation of structural health monitoring for the. Today s aging aircraft fleet is flying far longer than originally designed. A new technique of aircraft structural health monitoring socalled comparative vacuum monitoring cvm is introduced in this paper.
So a continuous or more often inspection is not possible due to economic reasons. Probability of detection measured state of structure failure probability. This aspect of structural health is particularly relevant for transportation systems and in this connection structural health monitoring is a safety issue. Pdf structural health monitoring of aircraft structures.
Pdf structural health monitoring shm is receiving considerable attention because of the growing demand for innovative approaches to. Wireless sensor networks applications in aircraft structural health monitoring dragoljub vujic military technical institute, belgrade, serbia aircraft industry has to meet a challenge of reducing operational and maintenance costs. A paradigm shift from nondestructive testing to structural health monitoring systems has led to the development of enhanced aircraft health monitoring systems. Faa structural administration federal aviation health. Introduction in the damagetolerant design concept, aircraft are maintained for their safety and reliability using periodic maintenance. New trends in structural health monitoring wieslaw. Structural health monitoring shm refers to the process of implementing a damage detection and characterization strategy for engineering structures such as bridges and buildings. One of the possible ways for reducing these costs is the introduction of wireless sensor networks wsns. Therefore, structural health monitoring has a great potential to reduce the costs related to these operations.
As a result, aircraft safety, reliability and operation readiness will increase. Structural health monitoring as a way of making materials and structures smart since the end of the 1980s, the concept of smart or intelligent materials and structures has become more and more present in the minds of engineers. Compared with the traditional and some novel nondestructive testing ndt techniques, it is capable of realtime crack initiation and growth detection reliably and accurately, and especially suitable to monitor the interior locations with hard accessibility. Reliability based aircraft maintenance optimization and applications, 2017. This approach has allowed the aircraft industry to reach a very high safety level, and the. Pdf new trends in structural health monitoring pp 81148 cite as. Pdf aircraft structural health and usage monitoring. Structural health monitoring and lifetime prediction. Integrated vehicle health management of a transport. Fundamental functions performed by shm systems include testing and monitoring of performance and health of large machines, airframes, turbines, and structures such as buildings, bridges.
Health monitoring of aerospace structures wiley online books. Compared with the traditional and some novel nondestructive testing ndt techniques, it is capable of realtime crack initiation and growth detection reliably and accurately, and especially suitable to monitor the interior locations with. Pdf bayesian methods for aircraft structural health. Structural health monitoring shm is one of the major contributions for future smart structures. Reducing the cost of inspecting the airframe and the maintenance downtime this requires would further this goal. Structural health monitoring is a tool that enables civil engineers to reduce maintenance cost and improve safety measures of crucial architectural structures. This chapter describes and discusses the evolution of structural health monitoring shm technologies for aircraft. Structural health monitoring for life management of aircraft. Current aerospace applications of structural health.
Us navy roadmap to structural health and usage monitoring. Inflight sensor tests a step toward structural health. Schubert 1 1 fraunhofer institute for nondestructive testing, izfp dresden branch, dresden, germany. These sensors should be affordable, lightweight, and unobtrusive such as to not impose cost and weight penalty on the structure and to not interfere with the structural strength and airworthiness. Structural health monitoring system health management. Health monitoring for airframe structural characterization. Fibre optic sensors for structural health monitoring of. Structural health monitoring of aircraft structures. Optical fiber sensors for aircraft structural health monitoring. Shm is a structural condition assessment system using sensor technology and flight parameters that can potentially monitor airplane loads and structural damage accidental and fatigue load monitoring load exceedance hard and heavy landing shm011 strain microstrain600400200 0 200 400 600 800 1200 1400 0 200 400 600 800 120014001600. Arp6461 guidelines on the implementation of structural health monitoring on fixed wing aircraft september 20. Sae international aerospace recommended practices document.
Introduction it is necessary to reduce the operating costs of commercial aircraft. Structural health monitoring shm is defined as the process of. Structural health monitoring market size shm industry. Other examples are passive or active adaptive structures and selfhealing structures. Structural health monitoring is remarkable by the variety of techniques used. Aircraft structural health monitoring, prospects for smart. Current aerospace applications of structural health monitoring in china x. Objective of structural health monitoring performance enhancement of an existing structure monitoring of structures affected by external factors feedback loop to improve future design based on experience assessment of postearthquake structural integrity decline in construction and growth in maintenance needs. The structural health and usage monitoring shum program is the cornerstone of our efforts to exploit the full fatigue life of our rotary wing aircraft while minimizing cost. A new technology of aircraft structural health monitoring. Structural health monitoring shm in aerospace structures. The navy has successfully tracked fatigue life expended fle for fixedwing aircraft since the mid 1970s. Structural health monitoring for advanced composite.
The goal of the asip is to ensure the desired level of structural safety, performance, durability, and supportability with the least possible economic burden throughout the aircraft s service life. Bayesian computational sensor networks that detect and identify structural damage, model physical phenomena and sensors, and characterize uncertainty. Structural health monitoring shm is a critical consideration for overall condition monitoring of aircraft systems. Development, validation, verification and certification of structural health monitoring systems for military aircraft. For the purpose of this paper, the primary components providing data for safe cbm related. Future aircrafts will be manufactured out of new and innovative materials and will be assembled by fast and economic assembling technologies.
Structural health monitoring of smart composite materials by using efpi and fbg sensors. Structural health monitoring an overview sciencedirect topics. An assessment of durability requirements for aircraft. Pdf structural health monitoring of composite aircraft. Consequently, new technology is needed to assess health and flight safety for many types of aircraft structures without incurring additional maintenance costs. The introduction gives the importance of shm, its application potential and the principal constituents. Aircraft structures operate in harsh conditions sustaining high loads, fatigue cycles and. Flat coil sensors inspired by eddy current technology, 2. Structural health monitoring shm is defined as the process of implementing a damage identification strategy for aerospace, civil, and mechanical engineering infrastructure 82,838283. Smart sensor technologies and signal processing, published by wiley. Vibrationbased damage diagnosis and monitoring of external loads. Structural health monitoring for life management of aircraft qiaojian huang, brad regez and sridhar krishnaswamy center for quality engineering and failure prevention, northwestern university, evanston, il 60208, usa abstract in this paper, the influence of disbond damage on lamb wave propagation in glass. An effective structural health monitoring shm system successfully senses the abnormalities bound to occur in the structure with abnormal loading and aggressive.
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